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This research was funded by Fundacion Familia Alonso, Santander Bank, Real Seguros, Fundacion Mutua Madrilena, Fundacion Uria, Fundacion Caixa and Ayuntamiento de Madrid (project reference PI-4100). Supported by Sara Borrell grant CD21/00059 to J.A.-O and "Predoctotales de formacion en Investigacion" (PFIS) grant FI19/00334 to R.L.-R. from Spanish Ministry of Health-Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII).

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Differential Immune Checkpoint and Ig-like V-Type Receptor Profiles in COVID-19: Associations with Severity and Treatment

Publicado en:Journal of Clinical Medicine. 11 (12): 3287- - 2022-06-01 11(12), DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123287

Autores: Lozano-Rodriguez, Roberto; Terron-Arcos, Veronica; Lopez, Raul; Martin-Gutierrez, Juan; Martin-Quiros, Alejandro; Maroun-Eid, Charbel; Munoz del Val, Elena; Canada-Illana, Carlos; Pascual Iglesias, Alejandro; Valentin Quiroga, Jaime; Montalban-Hernandez, Karla; Carlos Casalvilla-Duenas, Jose; Garcia-Garrido, Miguel A; del Balzo-Castillo, Alvaro; Peinado-Quesada, Maria A; Gomez-Lage, Laura; Herrero-Benito, Carmen; Butler, Ray G; Avendano-Ortiz, Jose; Lopez-Collazo, Eduardo

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Resumen

Identifying patients' immune system status has become critical to managing SARS-CoV-2 infection and avoiding the appearance of secondary infections during a hospital stay. Despite the high volume of research, robust severity and outcome markers are still lacking in COVID-19. We recruited 87 COVID-19 patients and analyzed, by unbiased automated software, 356 parameters at baseline emergency department admission including: high depth immune phenotyping and immune checkpoint expression by spectral flow cytometry, cytokines and other soluble molecules in plasma as well as routine clinical variables. We identified 69 baseline alterations in the expression of immune checkpoints, Ig-like V type receptors and other immune population markers associated with severity (O-2 requirement). Thirty-four changes in these markers/populations were associated with secondary infection appearance. In addition, through a longitudinal sample collection, we described the changes which take place in the immune system of COVID-19 patients during secondary infections and in response to corticosteroid treatment. Our study provides information about immune checkpoint molecules and other less-studied receptors with Ig-like V-type domains such as CD108, CD226, HVEM (CD270), B7H3 (CD276), B7H5 (VISTA) and GITR (CD357), defining these as novel interesting molecules in severe and corticosteroids-treated acute infections.

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