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The APC was funded by the Direccion de Investigacion-Universidad Autonoma de Guadalajara.

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Gomez-Navarro, Camila SAuthor

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November 27, 2023
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Development of a low-cost artificial vision system as an alternative for the automatic classification of persian lemon: prototype test simulation

Publicated to:Foods. 12 (20): 3829- - 2023-10-01 12(20), DOI: 10.3390/foods12203829

Authors: Granados-Vega, Bridget V; Maldonado-Flores, Carlos; Gomez-Navarro, Camila S; Warren-Vega, Walter M; Campos-Rodriguez, Armando; Romero-Cano, Luis A

Affiliations

Univ Autonoma Guadalajara, Dept Biotecnol & Ambientales, Grp Invest Mat & Fenomenos Superficie, Av Patria 1201, Zapopan 45129, Mexico - Author
Univ Autonoma Guadalajara, Dept Biotecnol & Ambientales, Lab Innovac & Desarrollo Proc Ind Sostenibles, Av Patria 1201, Zapopan 45129, Mexico - Author

Abstract

In the present research work, an algorithm of artificial neural network (ANN) has been developed based on the processing of digital images of Persian lemons with the aim of optimizing the quality control of the product. For this purpose, the physical properties (weight, thickness of the peel, diameter, length, and color) of 90 lemons selected from the company Esperanza de San Jose Ornelas SPR de RL (Jalisco, Mexico) were studied, which were divided into three groups (Category "extra", Category I, and Category II) according to their characteristics. The parameters of weight (26.50 +/- 3.00 g), diameter/length (0.92 +/- 0.08) and thickness of the peel (1.50 +/- 0.29 mm) did not present significant differences between groups. On the other hand, the color (determined by the RGB and HSV models) presents statistically significant changes between groups. Due to the above, the proposed ANN correctly classifies 96.60% of the data obtained for each of the groups studied. Once the ANN was trained, its application was tested in an automatic classification process. For this purpose, a prototype based on the operation of a stepper motor was simulated using Simulink from Matlab, which is connected to three ideal switches powered by three variable pulse generators that receive the information from an ANN and provide the corresponding signal for the motor to turn to a specific position. Manual classification is a process that requires expert personnel and is prone to human error. The scientific development presented shows an alternative for the automation of the process using low-cost computational tools as a potential alternative.

Keywords

artificial neural networkscolorimetric chartelectronic eyematlab simulink model prototypeArtificial neural networksColorimetric chartElectronic eyeMatlab simulink model prototypeNeural-networkPredictionQuality control

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Foods due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 38/173, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Food Science & Technology.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 1.31, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Aug 2025)

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-08-02:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 13 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Mexico.