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Mapping the primate thalamus: historical perspective and modern approaches for defining nuclei

Publicated to:Brain Structure & Function. 228 (5): 1125-1151 - 2023-06-01 228(5), DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02598-4

Authors: Angel Garcia-Cabezas, Miguel; Perez-Santos, Isabel; Cavada, Carmen

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Abstract

The primate thalamus has been subdivided into multiple nuclei and nuclear groups based on cytoarchitectonic, myeloarchitectonic, connectional, histochemical, and genoarchitectonic differences. Regarding parcellation and terminology, two main schools prevailed in the twentieth century: the German and the Anglo-American Schools, which proposed rather different schemes. The German parcellation and terminology has been mostly used for the human thalamus in neurosurgery atlases; the Anglo-American parcellation and terminology is the most used in experimental research on the primate thalamus. In this article, we review the historical development of terminological and parcellation schemes for the primate thalamus over the last 200 years. We trace the technological innovations and conceptual advances in thalamic research that underlie each parcellation, from the use of magnifying lenses to contemporary genoarchitectonic stains during ontogeny. We also discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and practical use of each parcellation.

Keywords

braincortexcytoarchitecturediencephalongenoarchitectureluys,jules,bernardmacaquemotor thalamusmyeloarchitecturenew neuromorphologynuclear parcellationprojectionssubdivisionsterminologyAnimalsCell nucleusCytoarchitectureGenoarchitectureHumansMyeloarchitectureNew neuromorphologyNuclear parcellationPrimatesStaining and labelingStereotactic atlasThalamic nucleiThalamic nucleusThalamus

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Brain Structure & Function due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 2/22, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Anatomy & Morphology. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 9.74, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions May 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-05-30, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 9
  • Scopus: 9
  • Europe PMC: 8
  • OpenCitations: 13

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-05-30:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 10.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 9 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 13.6.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 24 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: http://hdl.handle.net/10486/710231

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: United States of America.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (GARCIA CABEZAS, MIGUEL ANGEL) and Last Author (CAVADA MARTINEZ, CARMEN).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been CAVADA MARTINEZ, CARMEN.