{rfName}

Indexed in

License and use

Citations

23

Altmetrics

Analysis of institutional authors

Ruiz Cruz, Jorge AlfonsoAuthor

Share

November 15, 2021
Publications
>
Article
No

Design of Ridge Waveguide Radial Combiners

Publicated to:IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES. 70 (1): 895-906 - 2022-01-01 70(1), DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2021.3120732

Authors: Fahmi, Mohamed M; Ruiz-Cruz, Jorge A; Mansour, Raafat R

Affiliations

Def Res & Dev Canada, Ottawa, ON K1N 1J8, Canada - Author
Defence Research and Development Canada - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Escuela Politecn Super, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Univ Waterloo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada - Author
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid - Author
University of Waterloo - Author
See more

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive treatment to the subject of designing ridge waveguide radial combiners. A theoretical framework for the design process is first presented paving the way to a straightforward design procedure for radial combiners with both moderate and very wide bandwidths (BWs) realized in ridge waveguides. Two types of ridge waveguide radial combiners are presented, one with linearly tapered ridged sections and the other with staircase-like ridged sections. The methodology to design the radial combiner is presented. It starts with designing the individual ridge waveguide input ports, and then designing an equivalent transformer section that provides matching between the individual ridge waveguide ports and a common coaxial line output port. Design considerations for the different cross sections make it possible to achieve the required impedance levels for good matching across wide BWs. Three complete design examples are presented. Two proof-of-concept prototypes were designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested demonstrating excellent measured results without any tuning.

Keywords

bandboundary conditionsdividerelectromagnetic waveguidesimpedancelineplanar waveguidesportpower combinerprototypesradial combinerrectangular waveguidesridge waveguidesplittertransformersBoundary conditionsDividerElectromagnetic waveguidesImpedancePlanar waveguidesPower combinerPrototypesRadial combinerRectangular waveguidesRidge waveguideSplitterSplitter.Transformers

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2022, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Radiation. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 2.54. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 1.86 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 4.95 (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-16, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 10
  • Scopus: 11

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-16:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 7 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Canada.