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September 29, 2024
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The shell model as a unified view of nuclear structure

Publicated to:REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS. 77 (2): 427-488 - 2005-04-01 77(2), DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.77.427

Authors: Caurier E; Martínez-Pinedo G; Nowacki F; Poves A; Zuker PA

Affiliations

IN2P3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules - Author
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid - Author
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona - Author

Abstract

The last decade has witnessed both quantitative and qualitative progress in shell-model studies, which have resulted in remarkable gains in our understanding of the structure of the nucleus. Indeed, it is now possible to diagonalize matrices in determinantal spaces of dimensionality up to 109 using the Lanczos tridiagonal construction, whose formal and numerical aspects are analyzed in this review. In addition, many new approximation methods have been developed in order to overcome the dimensionality limitations. New effective nucleon-nucleon interactions have been constructed that contain both two- and three-body contributions. The former are derived from realistic potentials (i.e., potentials consistent with two-nucleon data). The latter incorporate the pure monopole terms necessary to correct the bad saturation and shell-formation properties of the realistic two-body forces. This combination appears to solve a number of hitherto puzzling problems. The present review concentrates on those results which illustrate the global features of the approach: the universality of the effective interaction and the capacity of the shell model to describe simultaneously all the manifestations of the nuclear dynamics, either single-particle or collective in nature. The review also treats in some detail the problems associated with rotational motion, the origin of quenching of the Gamow-Teller transitions, double-β decays, the effect of isospin nonconserving nuclear forces, and the specificities of neutron-rich nuclei. Many other calculations-which appear to have "merely" spectroscopic interest-are touched upon briefly, although the authors are fully aware that much of the credibility of the shell model rests on them. © 2005 The American Physical Society.

Keywords

Astronomia / físicaBiotecnologíaGeneral physics and astronomyInterdisciplinarMatemática / probabilidade e estatísticaPhysicsPhysics and astronomy (all)Physics and astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics, multidisciplinary

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2005, it was in position 1/69, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Physics, Multidisciplinary.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 364.22, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-05, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 1007
  • Scopus: 1131

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-05:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 238.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 239 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 10.25.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on Wikipedia: 5 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: France.