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Grant support

This research was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain (RTI2018-094985-B-100). BFSS is supported by a scholarship from CNPq Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-GDE-204842/2018-2. L.T. is supported by scholarships from the National Exceptional Program (PNE), Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research of Algeria and from the Erasmus + Program project 2019-1-ES01-KA107-063778. EG is supported by the ANR grants "SymEffectors" and "ET-Nod" (ANR-16-CE20-0013 and ANR-20-CE20-0012, respectively).

Analysis of institutional authors

De Sousa, B F SAuthor

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Article

The Bradyrhizobium Sp. LmicA16 Type VI Secretion System Is Required for Efficient Nodulation of Lupinus Spp.

Publicated to:MICROBIAL ECOLOGY. 84 (3): 844-855 - 2022-10-01 84(3), DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01892-8

Authors: Tighilt, L; Boulila, F; De Sousa, B F S; Giraud, E; Ruiz-Argueso, T; Palacios, J M; Imperial, J; Rey, L

Affiliations

CSIC, Inst Ciencias Agr, E-28006 Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Bejaia, Fac Sci Nat & Vie, Lab Ecol Microbienne, Bejaia 06000, Algeria - Author
Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD,INRA, Lab Symbioses Trop & Mediterraneennes LSTM,SupAgr, TA-A82-J Campus Int Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid UPM, Ctr Biotecnol & Genom Plantas, Inst Nacl Invest & Tecnol Agr & Alimentaria INIA, Campus Montegancedo, Madrid 28223, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Biotecnol & Biol Vegetal, ETSI Agron Alimentaria & Biosistemas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain - Author
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Abstract

Many bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium are capable of inducing nodules in legumes. In this work, the importance of a type VI secretion system (T6SS) in a symbiotic strain of the genus Bradyrhizobium is described. T6SS of Bradyrhizobium sp. LmicA16 (A16) is necessary for efficient nodulation with Lupinus micranthus and Lupinus angustifolius. A mutant in the gene vgrG, coding for a component of the T6SS nanostructure, induced less nodules and smaller plants than the wild-type (wt) strain and was less competitive when co-inoculated with the wt strain. A16 T6SS genes are organized in a 26-kb DNA region in two divergent gene clusters of nine genes each. One of these genes codes for a protein (Tsb1) of unknown function but containing a methyltransferase domain. A tsb1 mutant showed an intermediate symbiotic phenotype regarding vgrG mutant and higher mucoidity than the wt strain in free-living conditions. T6SS promoter fusions to the lacZ reporter indicate expression in nodules but not in free-living cells grown in different media and conditions. The analysis of nodule structure revealed that the level of nodule colonization was significantly reduced in the mutants with respect to the wt strain.

Keywords

BradyrhizobiumDiversityEffectorLocuLupinusMethyltransferasMethyltransferasePhylogenyRhizobium-legume symbiosisRhizobium–legume symbiosisRoot nodules, plantStrainsSymbiosisType vi secretionType vi secretion systems

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal MICROBIAL ECOLOGY due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2022, it was in position 10/109, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Marine & Freshwater Biology. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 2.48. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 4 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 2.37 (source consulted: Dimensions Jun 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-06-30, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 8
  • Scopus: 14
  • Europe PMC: 5

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-30:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 25.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 25 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 3.1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 5 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Algeria; France.