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This research has been funded by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness projects CGL2012-35199, CGL2015-68363-P and PID2019-111488RB-I0 0. Author APB was funded by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness grant BES-2013-0655509. Access to fossil vertebrate collections in Argentina was made possible by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitive-ness grant EEBB-I-16-11875. Author PM was funded by FCT/MCTES for one CEEC Individual contract (CEECIND/00726/2017) and a Haaga Family Postdoctoral Fellow (2016-2018) in the NHMLA (CA, USA) . We want to thank S. Chapman and Natural History Museum of London (UK) staff for facilitating access to their collections. Ac-cess to NHM (UK) was made possible thanks to the European Union Council Synthesys program GB-TAF-6153. We want to thank also the alumni of the Faculty of Arts from the UCM (Madrid, Spain) and preparation staff for providing the sample for this study. We also want to thank many others for access to specimens under their care, including S. Langreo from the Museo de Paleontologia de Castilla-La Mancha (Cuenca, Spain) ; J.A. Ramirez de la Pecin~a and C. Corral from the MCNA (Vitoria, Spain) ; R. Coria from the MCF (Plaza Huincul, Argentina) ; L. Filippi from the MRS (Rinc?on de los Sauces, Argentina) ; M. Reguero from the MLP (La Plata, Argentina) ; A. Otero from CONICET (La Plata, Argentina) ; S. Devincenzi from the IANI-GLA (Mendoza, Argentina) ; and B. Gonz?alez Riga from the UNCUYO (Mendoza, Argentina) ; C. Mun~oz from the MPCA (Cipolletti, Argentina) ; I. Cerda from the CONICET (Cipolletti, Argentina) ; P. Ortiz from the PVL (Tucum?an, Argentina) ; and A.G. Kramarz and M. Ezcurra from the MACN (Buenos Aires, Argentina) . Comments of the Editor as well as two anonymous reviewers highly improved this contribution.

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3D geometric morphometrics of the hind limb in the titanosaur sauropods from Lo Hueco (Cuenca, Spain)

Publicado en:CRETACEOUS RESEARCH. 134 105147- - 2022-06-01 134(), DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105147

Autores: Paramo, Adrian; Escaso, F.; Mocho, P.; Marcos-Fernandez, F.; Sanz, J. L.; Ortega, F.;

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The Campanian-Maastrichtian Konzentrat-Lagersta euro tte at Lo Hueco (Spain) has yielded a large sample of appendicular elements referable to sauropod titanosaurs that exhibit considerable morphological variability. The taxonomic assessment of these elements is difficult, they display various degrees of preservation (including fragmentary preservation and taphonomic deformation, each of which were addressed in the methods applied in this study), and also many of the appendicular elements are found as isolated remains. Accurate taxonomic determinations are generally difficult to achieve from the morphological information available on appendicular remains of sauropods, and particularly in groups such as titanosaurirformes. In these cases, the geometric morphometrics (GMM) tool kit is a suitable methodology to explore morphological variability for taxonomic assessment. In this study, several femora, tibiae and fibulae from Lo Hueco were analyzed. To this purpose, the remains were digitized, and the resultant mesh representations were used for definition of 3D landmarks and curves that were analyzed through GMM methods. The quantification of shape variables allowed the use of clustering and K-means techniques as well as a proposed statistical workflow. Several hypotheses of a priori anatomically-defined morphotypes and the results from our machine learning algorithms revealed the presence of two main morphotypes as the most plausible explanation for the morphological variability in the sample of titanosaurian hind limb elements from Lo Hueco.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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