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Is increasing urinary albumin a better marker for microvascular than for macrovascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Publicado en:Nephron - Clinical Practice. 101 (3): C116-C121 - 2005-11-01 101(3), DOI: 10.1159/000086681

Autores: Herrera-Pombo JL; Aguilar-Diosdado M; Hawkins F; Campos MM; Moreno A; Garcia-Hernandez A; Castro E; García-Doncel LG; Serraclara A; Sánchez-Malo C; Escobar-Jiménez F

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Aims: The aims of the study were to evaluate the prevalence of increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and associated cardiovascular risk factors and vascular diabetes complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We studied 975 patients in a cross-sectional design from 1998 to 2000. Frequency of micro- and macroalbuminuria, and their associations with cardiovascular risk factors and vascular DM complications, were examined. Results: Prevalence of increased UAE was 28.5% (18.3% micro- and 10.2% macroalbuminuria). Body mass index (BMI) (only females) and hemoglobin (Hb)A1c significantly correlated with macroalbuminuria (p = 0.034, p = 0.027, respectively), while high blood pressure (diastolic) was associated with microalbuminuria (p = 0.008). Diabetes duration, high systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly correlated with both micro- and macroalbuminuria. Increased UAE was associated with neuropathy (relative risk (RR) 2.12, confidence interval (CI) 1.07-4.19), retinopathy (RR 2.19, CI 1.76-2.74) and hypertension (RR 2.91, CI 1.77-4.78), but not with cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol and peripheral vascular disease. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, a significant association of albuminuria was found with diabetes duration (odds ratio (OR) 1.59, CI 0.98-2.58; p < 0062), hypertension (OR 3.42, CI 2.22-5.27; p < 0.0001), low HDL cholesterol (OR 1.78, CI 1.31-2.43; p < 0.0003), current smoking status (OR 2.19, CI 1.32-3.64; p < 0.0024), and increased serum creatinine (OR 11.16, CI 5.7-21.7; p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Prevalence of increased UAE was similar to that described in other geographically close populations. The stronger association found with microvascular diabetes complications suggests that increased UAE is a better predictor for renal damage than for cardiovascular disease in this type 2 DM population. Copyright © 2005 S. Karger AG.

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