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& nbsp;This work was funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (Spain) through the projects PID2020-118878RB-I00, PID2019-106211RB-I00, PID2019-109506RB-100, PID2021-127033OB-C21, and PID2019-108854RA-I00. A.E. acknowledges RYC2020-029282-I contract and R.L.-M. acknowledges FPI PRE2020-96246. Additional funding was provided by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/00565), by the Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (CAM) and the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (SI3-PJI-2021-00211), the CAM (S2022/BMD-7403 RENIM-CM) co-financed by the European structural and investment fund, and through COST action CA17140, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology), as well as the Fundacion para la Investigacion Biomedica del Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal program IMP21_A4 (2021/0427). A.C. acknowledges the JAE-Intro grant from the Nanomedicine Hub CSIC. Mice were housed and handled in accordance with the ARVO statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research and the guidelines of the European Union and the local ethics committees of the CSIC and the Comunidad de Madrid (Ref: PROEX 272.8/21, 01 October 2021).

Analysis of institutional authors

Ortgies, Dirk HorstAuthorXimendes, Erving ClaytonAuthorHernández Medel AAuthorJaque DAuthorFernández Monsalve NAuthorMartín Rodríguez ECorresponding Author

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Article

Ag2 S biocompatible ensembles as dual OCT contrast agents and NIR ocular imaging probes

Publicated to:Small. 19 (49): 2305026- - 2023-12-06 19(49), DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305026

Authors: Coro, Amalia; Herrero Ruiz, Ada; Pazo-Gonzalez, Mateo; Sanchez-Cruz, Alonso; Busch, Tobias; Hernandez Medel, Alejandro; Ximendes, Erving C; Ortgies, Dirk H; Lopez-Mendez, Rosalia; Espinosa, Ana; Jimenez de Aberasturi, Dorleta; Jaque, Daniel; Fernandez Monsalve, Nuria; de la Rosa, Enrique J; Hernandez-Sanchez, Catalina; Martin Rodriguez, Emma; H Juarez, Beatriz

Affiliations

Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48009, Spain - Author
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y, Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain. - Author
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28034, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, C/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain. - Author
CIBER BBN, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Bioingn Biomat & Nanomed, Donostia SanSebastian 20014, Spain - Author
CiCbiomaGUNE, Basque Res & Technol Alliance BRTA, Miramon Pasealekua 182, Gipuzkoa 20014, Spain - Author
CiCbiomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Miramon Pasealekua, 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain. - Author
CSIC, Ctr Invest Biol Margarita Salas, C Ramiro Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author
CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Madrid, C Sor Juana Ines Cruz 3, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Ctr Invest Biomed Red Diabet & Enfermedades Metab, ISCIII, Madrid 28034, Spain - Author
Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra de Madrid-Barcelona, Km 33,600 Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain. - Author
IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain. - Author
Inst Adv Res Chem IAdChem, Campus Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Inst IMDEA Nanociencia, C Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Inst Ramon & Cajal Invest Sanitaria IRYCIS, km 9, 100, Madrid 28034, Spain - Author
Inst Ramon & Cajal Invest Sanitaria IRYCIS, Visual Neurophysiol Grp, km 9, 100, Madrid 28034, Spain - Author
Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Instituto IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday, 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain. - Author
nanoBIG Group, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Nanomaterials for BioImaging Group (nanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Univ Alcala, Fac Med, Dept Syst Biol, Km 33, 600 Alcala Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Inst Nicolas Cabrera, C Francisco Tomas & Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Nanomat Bioimaging Grp NanoBIG, C Francisco Tomas & Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Med, nanoBIG Grp, C Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid 28029, Spain - Author
Visual Neurophysiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain. - Author
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Abstract

Ag2 S nanoparticles (NPs) emerge as a unique system that simultaneously features in vivo near-infrared (NIR) imaging, remote heating, and low toxicity thermal sensing. In this work, their capabilities are extended into the fields of optical coherence tomography (OCT), as contrast agents, and NIR probes in both ex vivo and in vivo experiments in eyeballs. The new dual property for ocular imaging is obtained by the preparation of Ag2 S NPs ensembles with a biocompatible amphiphilic block copolymer. Rather than a classical ligand exchange, where surface traps may arise due to incomplete replacement of surface sites, the use of this polymer provides a protective extra layer that preserves the photoluminescence properties of the NPs, and the procedure allows for the controlled preparation of submicrometric scattering centers. The resulting NPs ensembles show extraordinary colloidal stability with time and biocompatibility, enhancing the contrast in OCT with simultaneous NIR imaging in the second biological window.© 2023 The Authors. Small published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Keywords

amphiphilic polymermultimodal contrast agentsnanocrystalsnanoparticlesoptical coherence tomographyquantum dotssilver sulphide nanoparticlesContrast mediaFluorescence imagingMultimodal contrast agentsNanoparticlesOptical coherence tomographyOptical imagingPolymersSilver sulphide nanoparticlesTomography, optical coherence

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Small due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 13/179, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Physics, Applied. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 1.45, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-01, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 3
  • Scopus: 3

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-01:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 12.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 12 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 0.5.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://repositorio.uam.es/handle/10486/711856

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been MARTIN RODRIGUEZ, EMMA.