Case-controlled field study of the ICD-11 clinical descriptions and diagnostic requirements for Bodily Distress Disorders

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Case-controlled field study of the ICD-11 clinical descriptions and diagnostic requirements for Bodily Distress Disorders

Publicated to:JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS. 333 271-277 - 2023-07-15 333(), DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.086

Authors: Keeley J; Reed GM; Rebello T; Brechbiel J; Garcia-Pacheco JA; Adebayo K; Esan O; Majekodunmi O; Ojagbemi A; Onofa L; Robles R; Matsumoto C; Medina-Mora ME; Kogan CS; Kulygina M; Gaebel W; Zhao M; Roberts MC; Sharan P; Ayuso-Mateos JL; Khoury B; Stein DJ; Lovell AM; Pike K; Creed F; Gureje O

Affiliations

All India Inst Med Sci, New Delhi, India - Author

All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Author

Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Psychiat, Med Ctr, Beirut, Lebanon - Author

American University of Beirut Medical Center - Author

Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas - Author

Columbia Univ, Dept Psychiat, Vagelos Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA - Author

Columbia Univ, Global Mental Hlth Program, New York, NY USA - Author

Columbia University - Author

Ctr Invest & Docencia Econ, Mexico City, Mexico - Author

Fed Neuropsychiat Hosp, Abeokuta, Nigeria - Author

Heinrich Heine Univ, Med Fac, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Dusseldorf, Germany - Author

Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf - Author

Inst Nacl Psiquiatria Ramon Fuente Muniz, Ctr Invest Salud Mental Global, Mexico City, Mexico - Author

Inst Natl St eet Rech Medicale CERMES, Paris, France - Author

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale CERMES - Author

Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente - Author

Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramon de la Fuente , Universidad National Autónoma de México - Author

Japanese Soc Psychiat & Neurol, Sapporo, Japan - Author

Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology - Author

Ladoke Akintola Univ Technol, Dept Psychiat, Ogbomosho, Nigeria - Author

Ladoke Akintola University of Technology - Author

N.A. Alexeev Mental Health Clinic - Author

NA Alexeev Mental Hlth Clin, Training & Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia - Author

Neuropsychiatric Hospital - Author

New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY USA - Author

New York State Psychiatric Institute , Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons - Author

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé , Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons - Author

Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China - Author

Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai Mental Health Center - Author

Shanghai Mental Hlth Ctr, Shanghai, Peoples R China - Author

The University of Manchester - Author

Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Psychiat, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain - Author

Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, SAMRC Unit Risk & Resilience Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa - Author

Univ Ibadan, Dept Psychiat, Ibadan, Nigeria - Author

Univ Kansas, Clin Child Psychol Program, Lawrence, KS USA - Author

Univ Manchester, Manchester, England - Author

Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Psychol, Mexico City, Mexico - Author

Univ Ottawa, Sch Psychol, Ottawa, ON, Canada - Author

Universidad Autónoma de Madrid - Author

Université d'Ottawa, Faculté des Sciences Sociales - Author

University of Cape Town - Author

University of Ibadan - Author

University of Kansas - Author

Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Psychol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA - Author

Virginia Commonwealth University - Author

WHO, Dept Mental Hlth & Subst Use, Geneva, Switzerland - Author

Abstract

Aims: Mental disorders characterized by preoccupation with distressing bodily symptoms and associated functional impairment have been a target of major reconceptualization in the ICD-11, in which a single category of Bodily Distress Disorder (BDD) with different levels of severity replaces most of the Somatoform Disorders in ICD-10. This study compared the accuracy of clinicians' diagnosis of disorders of somatic symptoms using either the ICD-11 or ICD-10 diagnostic guidelines in an online study. Methods: Clinically active members of the World Health Organization's Global Clinical Practice Network (N = 1065) participating in English, Spanish, or Japanese were randomly assigned to apply ICD-11 or ICD-10 diagnostic guidelines to one of nine pairs of standardized case vignettes. The accuracy of the clinicians' diagnoses as well as their ratings of the guidelines' clinical utility were assessed. Results: Overall, clinicians were more accurate using ICD-11 compared to ICD-10 for every presentation of a vignette characterized primarily by bodily symptoms associated with distress and impairment. Clinicians who made a diagnosis of BDD using ICD-11 were generally correct in applying the severity specifiers for the condition. Limitations: This sample may represent some self-selection bias and thus may not generalize to all clinicians. Additionally, diagnostic decisions with live patients may lead to different results. Conclusions: The ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines for BDD represent an improvement over those for Somatoform Disorders in ICD-10 in regard to clinicians' diagnostic accuracy and perceived clinical utility.

Keywords

anxietybodily distress disordercriteriadiagnosisepidemiologyicd-10icd-11international classificationprimary-caresomatic symptomssomatizationsomatoform disordersutilityvalidityBodily distress disorderDiagnosisIcd-10Icd-11Somatic symptom disorderSomatic symptomsSomatoform disorders

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The work has been published in the journal JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 35/280, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Clinical Neurology.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 5.68, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Apr 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-04-29, the following number of citations:

Scopus: 5
Europe PMC: 1

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This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Canada; China; France; Germany; India; Japan; Lebanon; Mexico; Niger; Nigeria; Russia; South African Republic; Switzerland; United Kingdom; United States of America.

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