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Review

Management of off-track Hill-Sachs lesions in anterior glenohumeral instability

Publicated to:Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics. 10 (1): 30- - 2023-12-01 10(1), DOI: 10.1186/s40634-023-00588-x

Authors: Calvo, E; Delgado, C

Affiliations

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz - Author
Univ Autonoma, Hosp Univ Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Traumatol,Shoulder & Elbow R, Avda Reyes Catolicos, 2, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author

Abstract

Bone loss has been identified as a risk factor for recurrent shoulder dislocations or failure after soft tissue repair. Although the range for “critical” bone loss is yet to be determined, glenoid and humeral bone defects should not be regarded as independent problems, but the interaction between them during shoulder motion should be evaluated as suggested by the glenoid track concept. The glenoid track concept is now widely accepted and considered essential for making decisions about surgery. Soft-tissue procedures usually work well in patients with on-track Hill-Sachs lesions but in off-track lesions do not. In this situation additional procedures should be performed. Different surgical options have been described to address off-track Hill-Sachs lesions, most commonly remplissage, Latarjet or free bone block procedures. Coracoid graft and free bone grafts convert the off-track Hill-Sachs lesion into on-track by lengthening the glenoid-track, whereas remplissage fill-in the humeral lesion so that it does not engage. In the setting of a Hill-Sachs lesion with little or no glenoid bone loss, remplissage has demonstrated satisfactory outcomes with a low complications and recurrence rate. Favorable results have been reported with glenoid bone grafting when managing isolated Hill-Sachs or bipolar lesions. Studies analyzing Latarjet and Eden-Hybinette procedures show that both procedures are safe and effective in the management of anterior glenohumeral instability. Attention should be paid to those patients with large bone defects not amenable to be restored with an isolated Latarjet that may be better addressed with an Eden-Hybinnete or adding a remplissage to the Latarjet procedure.

Keywords

bankart repaircomplicationscoracoid transferdefectseden-hybinettehill-sachshorizontal extensioniliac crestiliac crest bone graftinstabilitylatarjetlatarjet procedureoff-trackremplissageremplissage procedureshoulder instabilityBipolar bone lossEden-hybinetteHill-sachsIliac crest bone graftInstabilityLatarjetOff-trackRemplissageShoulder

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 49/136, thus managing to position itself as a Q2 (Segundo Cuartil), in the category Orthopedics. Notably, the journal is positioned en el Cuartil Q2 para la agencia Scopus (SJR) en la categoría Orthopedics and Sports Medicine.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 17.53, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jun 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-06-16, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 1
  • Scopus: 16
  • OpenCitations: 10

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-16:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 22.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 22 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 0.75.
  • The number of mentions on the social network Facebook: 1 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (CALVO CRESPO, EMILIO) .

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been CALVO CRESPO, EMILIO.