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MnAlC powders used for the milling and hot-pressing experiments were synthesized and provided by Hoganas AB in the frame of the industrial project ECNanoManga (Hoganas AB -IMDEA Nanociencia). The authors acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO) through 3D-MAGNETOH project (Ref. MAT2017-89960-R) and the "Acciones de Dinamizacion 'Europa Investigacion'" projects (Ref. EUIN2017-88502 and Ref. EIN2019-103506); and from the Regional Government of Madrid through NANOMAGCOST project (Ref. 2018/NMT-4321). IMDEA Nanociencia acknowledges support from the 'Severo Ochoa' Programme for Centers of Excellence in R&D (MINECO, Grant SEV-2016-0686).

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Rial, JAuthor

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February 8, 2022
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Fabrication of bulk tau MnAl-C magnets by hot-pressing from epsilon-phase gas-atomized and milled powder

Publicated to:JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS. 847 - 2020-12-20 847(), DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156361

Authors: Munoz-Rodriguez, C.; Feng, L.; Palmero, E. M.; Mix, T.; Rial, J.; Olsson, F.; Skarman, B.; Vidarsson, H.; Larsson, P-O; Woodcock, T. G.; Bollero, A.;

Affiliations

Hoganas AB, Hoganas, Sweden - Author
IMDEA Nanosci, Div Permanent Magnets & Applicat, Madrid, Spain - Author
Leibniz IFW Dresden, Inst Metall Mat, Dresden, Germany - Author

Abstract

Isotropic nanocrystalline MnAlC particles with quasi-spherical shape were synthesized by gasatomization being afterwards milled for a short time of 60 s. Gas-atomized and milled particles were compacted by the hot-pressing method to obtain bulk MnAlC magnets. An adequate combination of the parameters during hot-pressing made it possible to fabricate bulk MnAlC magnets with a simultaneous transformation of epsilon-phase into the ferromagnetic tau-phase. The study has allowed for correlating the morphology, microstructure and magnetic properties of the bulk magnets obtained from the different powder samples. Hot-pressing experiments performed on milled epsilon-phase based powders resulted in an increased coercivity as a consequence of a reduced crystallite size (about 25 nm), induced strain (about 0.40%) and the formation of both beta-Mn phase and Mn3AlC. This single-step approach has been compared with a two-step process comprising annealing of the gas-atomized epsilon-phase to develop the tau-phase as a first step followed by compaction via hot-pressing in a second step. Comparable magnetic properties obtained for the bulk magnets resulting from this two-steps route validates the single-step approach followed in this study. This work shows that gas-atomization, flash-milling and hot-pressing of epsilon-phase MnAlC powder is an efficient path towards the fabrication of bulk tau-MnAlC magnets. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Al-cCoercivityEvolutionGas atomizationHot-pressingMicrostructureMnalc alloysNano structured materialsPermanent magnetsTransformation

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2020, it was in position 6/80, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 1.42, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-09, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 10

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-09:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 40 (PlumX).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Germany; Sweden.