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Analysis of institutional authors

Sánchez Muñoz CAuthor

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Quantum metrology of two-photon absorption

Publicated to:PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH. 3 (3): 033250- - 2021-09-15 3(3), DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.033250

Authors: Sanchez Munoz, Carlos; Frascella, Gaetano; Schlawin, Frank

Affiliations

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg - Author
Hamburg Ctr Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany - Author
IFIMAC-Condensed Matter Physics Center - Author
Max Planck Inst Sci Light, Staudtstr 2, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany - Author
Max Planck Inst Struct & Dynam Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany - Author
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light - Author
Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada & Condensed Matter P, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Staudtstr 7-B2, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany - Author
Universitat Hamburg - Author
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Abstract

Two-photon absorption (TPA) is of fundamental importance in super-resolution imaging and spectroscopy. Its nonlinear character allows for the prospect of using quantum resources, such as entanglement, to improve measurement precision or to gain new information on, e.g., ultrafast molecular dynamics. Here, we establish the metrological properties of nonclassical squeezed light sources for precision measurements of TPA cross sections. We find that the Cramér-Rao bound does not provide a fundamental limit for the precision achievable with squeezed states in the limit of very small cross sections. Considering the most relevant measurement strategies - namely, photon-counting and quadrature measurements - we determine the quantum advantage provided by squeezed states as compared to coherent states. We find that squeezed states outperform the precision achievable by coherent states when performing quadrature measurements, which provide improved scaling of the Fisher information with respect to the mean photon number ∼n4. Due to the interplay of the incoherent nature and the nonlinearity of the TPA process, unusual scaling can also be obtained with coherent states, which feature an ∼n3 scaling in both quadrature and photon-counting measurements.

Keywords

atomsexcitationfieldgenerationstatisticsInfrared-spectroscopy

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH, Q4 Agency Scopus (SJR), its regional focus and specialization in Physics and Astronomy (Miscellaneous), give it significant recognition in a specific niche of scientific knowledge at an international level.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 2.05. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 3.41 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 9.16 (source consulted: Dimensions Jun 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-06-15, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 17
  • Scopus: 28
  • OpenCitations: 22

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-15:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 27.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 27 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 7.75.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 12 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://repositorio.uam.es/handle/10486/702287

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Germany.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (SANCHEZ MUÑOZ, CARLOS) .