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Analysis of institutional authors

Merino JmAuthorLeon MAuthorCaballero RAuthor

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April 14, 2021
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Routes to develop a [S]/([S]+[Se]) gradient in wide band-gap Cu2ZnGe(S,Se)4 thin-film solar cells

Publicated to:JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS. 868 (159253): - 2021-07-05 868(159253), DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159253

Authors: Ruiz-Perona A; Gurieva G; Sun M; Kodalle T; Sánchez Y; Grossberg M; Merino JM; Schorr S; León M; Caballero R

Affiliations

Catalonia Institute for Energy Research IREC - Author
Freie Universität Berlin - Author
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB) - Author
Tallinna Tehnikaülikool - Author
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid - Author
‎ Catalonia Inst Energy Res, IREC, C Jardins Dones Negre 1, Barcelona 08930, Spain - Author
‎ Free Univ Berlin, Dept Geosci, Malteserstr 74-100, D-12249 Berlin, Germany - Author
‎ Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, Hahn Meitner Pl 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany - Author
‎ Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, PVcomB, Schwarzschildstr 3, D-12489 Berlin, Germany - Author
‎ Tallinn Univ Technol, Ehitajate Tee 5, EE-19086 Tallinn, Estonia - Author
‎ Univ Alcala De Henares, Carretera Madrid Barcelona Km 33-6, Alcala De Henares 28871, Spain - Author
‎ Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Aplicada, C Francisco Tomas & Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
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Abstract

Wide band-gap kesterite-based solar cells are very attractive to be used for tandem devices as well as for semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. Here, Cu ZnGe(S,Se) (CZGSSe) thin films have been grown by sulfurization of co-evaporated Cu ZnGeSe . The influence of a NaF precursor layer and of a Se capping film on CZGSSe absorbers and solar cells has been investigated. It has been found that the distribution of [S]/([S]+[Se]) through the CZGSSe absorber layer is strongly dependent on the Na content. Na promotes the diffusion of S towards the bulk of the absorber layer. Thicker NaF layers>6 nm lead to a higher S content in the bulk of the absorber layer, but to a decreased accumulation of sulphur at the surface, as detected by GIXRD, GD-OES, and Raman spectroscopy measurements. A relationship between J , FF and Na-content supplied was found; higher Na content resulted in improved solar cell efficiencies. It has also been possible to modify the [S]/([S]+[Se])-gradient throughout the CZGSSe film by the absence of the Se capping layer, achieving devices with 2.7% performance and E = 2.0 eV. This work reveals two ways to control the [S]/([S]+[Se]) depth-profile to produce wide band gap CZGSSe absorber layers for efficient solar cells. 2 4 2 4 sc g

Keywords

KesteriteSelenium capping layerSodiumSolar cellsSulphur-gradientWide band gap energy

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2021, it was in position 5/79, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 1.33, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-16, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 7
  • Scopus: 10

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-16:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 20 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://repositorio.uam.es/handle/10486/701706

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Estonia; Germany.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Ruiz-Perona A) and Last Author (CABALLERO MESA, ANA RAQUEL).