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We would like to warmly thank Antonio Dobado for the various clarifications on the unitarization procedure of the coupled helicity amplitudes system, which were of great help in the early stages of this work. We also warmly thank Enrique Fernandez-Martinez for the interesting and clarifying comments about the statistical analysis when producing the final figure. C. G. G. wishes to thank Xabier Marcano and Javier Quilis for their invaluable help during the process of obtaining the final results of the work. This work is supported by the European Union through the ITN ELUSIVES H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015//674896 and the RISE INVISIBLESPLUS H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015//690575, by the CICYT through Project No. FPA201678645-P, by the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme CPAN (Grant No. CSD2007-00042), and by the Spanish MINECO's Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Programme under Grant No. SEV-2016-0597.

Analysis of institutional authors

Garcia-Garcia, ClaudiaAuthorHerrero, MariaAuthorMorales, Roberto A.Author

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Article

Unitarization effects in EFT predictions of WZ scattering at the LHC

Publicated to:PHYSICAL REVIEW D. 100 (9): - 2019-11-08 100(9), DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.100.096003

Authors: Garcia-Garcia, Claudia; Herrero, Maria; Morales, Roberto A.;

Affiliations

Univ Autonoma Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain - Author

Abstract

Effective field theories are an incredibly powerful tool in order to study and understand the true nature of the symmetry breaking sector dynamics of the Standard Model. However, they can suffer from some theoretical problems such as that of unitarity violation. Nevertheless, to interpret experimental data correctly, a fully unitary prescription is needed. To this purpose, unitarization methods are addressed, but each of them leads to a different (unitary) prediction. Because of this, there is an inherent theoretical uncertainty in the determination of the effective field theory parameters due to the choice of one unitarization scheme. In this work, we quantify this uncertainty, assuming a strongly interacting electroweak symmetry breaking sector, described by the effective electroweak chiral Lagrangian. We focus on the bosonic part of this effective Lagrangian and choose in particular the WZ scattering as our main vector boson scattering channel to study the sensitivity to new physics at the LHC. We study the different predictions of various well-known unitarization methods, considering the full coupled system of helicity amplitudes, and construct the 95% confidence level exclusion regions for the most relevant electroweak chiral Lagrangian parameters, given by the two anomalous quartic gauge couplings a(4) and a(5). This provides a consistent analysis of the different constraints on electroweak chiral Lagrangian parameters that can be achieved by using different unitarization methods in a combined way.

Keywords

BosonsChiral lagrangiansCollisionsHiggsPhysicsSignalsSymmetry-breaking sector

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal PHYSICAL REVIEW D due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2019, it was in position 6/29, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Physics, Particles & Fields.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.09. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 1.54 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 9.39 (source consulted: Dimensions Jun 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-06-17, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 20
  • Scopus: 22
  • OpenCitations: 16

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-17:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 4.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 4 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 3 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://repositorio.uam.es/handle/10486/704296

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (GARCIA GARCIA, CLAUDIA) and Last Author (MORALES VALBUENA, ROBERTO ANIBAL).