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Grant support

The work has received financial support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowskaw-Curie grant agreement number 734374, i.e. the LACEGAL project. 3 The workshop where this work has been finished was sponsored in part by the Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics at the University of Edinburgh.

Analysis of institutional authors

Knebe, AlexanderAuthorCui, WeiguangAuthorYepes, GustavoAuthor

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April 9, 2019
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THETHREEHUNDRED Project: ram pressure and gas content of haloes and subhaloes in the phase-space plane

Publicated to:MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY. 484 (3): 3968-3983 - 2019-04-11 484(3), DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz212

Authors: Arthur, Jake; Pearce, Frazer R.; Gray, Meghan E.; Knebe, Alexander; Cui, Weiguang; Elahi, Pascal J.; Power, Chris; Yepes, Gustavo; Arth, Alexander; De Petris, Marco; Dolag, Klaus; Garratt-Smithson, Lilian; Old, Lyndsay J.; Rasia, Elena; Stevens, Adam R. H.;

Affiliations

ESAC, E-28692 Madrid, Spain - Author
INAF, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy - Author
INFN, Sez Roma, Ple A Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy - Author
Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany - Author
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany - Author
Sapienza Univ Roma, Dept Phys, Ple Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, CIAFF, E-28049 Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Modulo 15, E-28049 Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland - Author
Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England - Author
Univ Observ Munich, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany - Author
Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada - Author
Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009 USA - Author
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Abstract

We use THETHREEHUNDRED project, a suite of 324 resimulated massive galaxy clusters embedded in a broad range of environments, to investigate (i) how the gas content of the surrounding haloes correlates with the phase-space position at z = 0 and (ii) the role that ram pressure plays in this correlation. By stacking all 324 normalized phase-space planes containing 169 287 haloes and subhaloes, we show that the halo gas content is tightly correlated with the phase-space position. At similar to 1.5-2 R-200 of the cluster dark matter halo, we find an extremely steep decline in the halo gas content of infalling haloes and subhaloes irrespective of cluster mass, possibly indicating the presence of an accretion shock. We also find that subhaloes are particularly gas-poor, even in the cluster outskirts, which could indicate active regions of ongoing pre-processing. By modelling the instantaneous ram pressure experienced by each halo and subhalo at z = 0, we show that the ram pressure intensity is also well correlated with the phase-space position, which is again irrespective of cluster mass. In fact, we show that regions in the phase-space plane with high differential velocity between a halo or subhalo and its local gas environment are almost mutually exclusive with high halo gas content regions. This suggests a causal link between the gas content of objects and the instantaneous ram pressure they experience, where the dominant factor is the differential velocity.

Keywords

AccretionDark matterEnvironmental dependenceEvolutionGalaxies: clusters: generalGalaxy cluster simulationsH-iHot gasMethods: numericalNeutral hydrogenParticle hydrodynamics simulationsStar-formationSubstructure

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2019, it was in position 12/68, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Astronomy & Astrophysics.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 2.13. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 2.34 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 15.6 (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-09, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 39
  • Scopus: 43
  • Google Scholar: 58

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-09:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 38.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 38 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 12.25.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Australia; Canada; Germany; Italy; United Kingdom.