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Allende-Alvarez, FernandoAuthorLopez-Estebanez, NievesAuthor

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June 30, 2025
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Variability and Trends in Spring Precipitation in the Central Sector of the Iberian Peninsula (1941-2020): The Central System and Southern Iberian System

Publicated to: Climate. 13 (6): 122- - 2025-06-10 13(6), DOI: 10.3390/cli13060122

Authors:

Espín-Sánchez, D; Allende-Alvarez, F; López-Estébanez, N; Olcina-Cantos, J
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Affiliations

Autonomous Univ Madrid, Dept Geog, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Univ Alicante, Lab Climatol, Alicante 03690, Spain - Author

Abstract

The reduction in and irregularity of spring precipitation in Iberian latitudes over the past few decades are well-documented. This study analyses the behaviour of the accumulated series of monthly and annual spring precipitation for a broad section of the central-eastern part of the peninsula between Plasencia (Western Central System) and the south-eastern part of the Iberian System over the past 70 years. The area was chosen in accordance with the layout of the mountain systems and watersheds that cross the Iberian Peninsula from the west to east. Ten-year series and trends in the precipitation values accumulated between 1951 and 2020 provided by the AEMET were analysed together with their relationship with the pressure values for the same dates modelled by the Copernicus Climate Change Service. The totals obtained show an increasing weight regarding spring precipitation for the eastern sector (40-44%) and a gradual reduction in the west (30%). These percentages show the positive trend of the ten-year values for the easternmost sector. Spring precipitation increases are observed in the easternmost areas (7 mm/decade), while the central and western sectors generally show declining values (-35 mm/decade). The atmospheric pressure at height (Z500) and surface level (Z1000) were analysed together with their relationship with accumulated precipitation, revealing a clear trend of a dominance of high pressures in Z500.
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Keywords

Central systemClimate-changeIberian latitudesPatternsPhenologPrecipitationSpainSpringSynoptic relationshiSynoptic relationshipTrends

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal CLIMATE due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 47/111, thus managing to position itself as a Q2 (Segundo Cuartil), in the category Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences. Notably, the journal is positioned en el Cuartil Q2 para la agencia Scopus (SJR) en la categoría Atmospheric Science.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-05:

  • WoS: 1
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-05:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 1.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 1 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network Facebook: 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
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