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Garcia-Bellido, JAuthor

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March 17, 2025
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Article

Galaxy cluster matter profiles I. Self-similarity, mass calibration, and observable-mass relation validation employing cluster mass posteriors

Publicated to: Astronomy & Astrophysics. 695 A49- - 2025-03-05 695(), DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451516

Authors:

Singh, A; Mohr, JJ; Davies, CT; Bocquet, S; Grandis, S; Klein, M; Marshall, JL; Aguena, M; Allam, SS; Alves, O; Andrade-Oliveira, F; Bacon, D; Bhargava, S; Brooks, D; Rosell, AC; Carretero, J; Costanzi, M; da Costa, LN; Pereira, MES; Desai, S; Diehl, HT; Doel, P; Everett, S; Flaugher, B; Frieman, J; García-Bellido, J; Gaztanaga, E; Gruendl, RA; Gutierrez, G; Hollowood, DL; Honscheid, K; James, DJ; Kuehn, K; Lima, M; Mena-Fernández, J; Menanteau, F; Miquel, R; Myles, J; Pieres, A; Romer, AK; Samuroff, S; Sanchez, E; Cid, DS; Sevilla-Noarbe, I; Smith, M; Suchyta, E; Swanson, MEC; Tarle, G; To, C; Tucker, DL; Vikram, V; Weaverdyck, N; Wiseman, P
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Affiliations

Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA - Author
Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Inst Fis Altes Energies IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain - Author
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA - Author
CSIC, Inst Space Sci ICE, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, Barcelona 08193, Spain - Author
Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEMA, Madrid, Spain - Author
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA - Author
Harvard & Smithsonian, Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA - Author
IIT Hyderabad, Dept Phys, Kandi 502285, Telangana, India - Author
INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via G B Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy - Author
Inst Astrofis Canarias, San Cristobal la Laguna 38205, Tenerife, Spain - Author
Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain - Author
Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya IEEC, Barcelona 08034, Spain - Author
Inst Fundamental Phys Universe, Via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy - Author
Lab Interinst eAstron LIneA, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil - Author
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA - Author
Lowell Observ, 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA - Author
LPSC Grenoble, 53,Ave Martyrs, F-38026 Grenoble, France - Author
Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Univ Observ, Fac Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany - Author
Macquarie Univ, Australian Astron Opt, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia - Author
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany - Author
Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Ctr Astrophys Surveys, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA - Author
Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA - Author
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA - Author
Observ Nacl, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil - Author
Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA - Author
Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA - Author
Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA - Author
Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA - Author
Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA - Author
Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamental, College Stn, TX 77843 USA - Author
UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor UAM, CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA - Author
Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA - Author
Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, Sao Paulo, Brazil - Author
Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany - Author
Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA - Author
Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Technikerstr 25-8, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria - Author
Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA - Author
Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, England - Author
Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Dept Fis Matemat, CP 66318, BR-05314970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil - Author
Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, England - Author
Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Pevensey Bldg, Brighton BN1 9QH, England - Author
Univ Trieste, Dept Phys, Astron Unit, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy - Author
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Abstract

We present a study of the weak lensing inferred matter profiles Delta Sigma(R) of 698 South Pole Telescope (SPT) thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (tSZE) selected and MCMF optically confirmed galaxy clusters in the redshift range 0.25 < z < 0.94 that have associated weak gravitational lensing shear profiles from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Rescaling these profiles to account for the mass dependent size and the redshift dependent density produces average rescaled matter profiles Delta Sigma(R/R-200c)/(rho R-crit(200c)) with a lower dispersion than the unscaled Delta Sigma(R) versions, indicating a significant degree of self-similarity. Galaxy clusters from hydrodynamical simulations also exhibit matter profiles that suggest a high degree of self-similarity, with RMS variation among the average rescaled matter profiles with redshift and mass falling by a factor of approximately six and 23, respectively, compared to the unscaled average matter profiles. We employed this regularity in a new Bayesian method for weak lensing mass calibration that employs the so-called cluster mass posterior P(M-200|zeta, lambda, z), which describes the individual cluster masses given their tSZE (zeta) and optical (lambda, z) observables. This method enables simultaneous constraints on richness lambda-mass and tSZE detection significance zeta-mass relations using average rescaled cluster matter profiles. We validated the method using realistic mock datasets and present observable-mass relation constraints for the SPTxDES sample, where we constrained the amplitude, mass trend, redshift trend, and intrinsic scatter. Our observable-mass relation results are in agreement with the mass calibration derived from the recent cosmological analysis of the SPTxDES data based on a cluster-by-cluster lensing calibration. Our new mass calibration technique offers a higher efficiency when compared to the single cluster calibration technique. We present new validation tests of the observable-mass relation that indicate the underlying power-law form and scatter are adequate to describe the real cluster sample but that also suggest a redshift variation in the intrinsic scatter of the lambda-mass relation may offer a better description. In addition, the average rescaled matter profiles offer high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) constraints on the shape of real cluster matter profiles, which are in good agreement with available hydrodynamical Lambda CDM simulations. This high S/N profile contains information about baryon feedback, the collisional nature of dark matter, and potential deviations from general relativity.
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Keywords

Baryon contentDeDensity profileGalaxies: clusters: generalGravitational lensing: weakIllustristng simulationsLarge-scale structure of universLarge-scale structure of universeResults cosmological constraintsScaling relationsSouth-pole telescopeSpt clustersTemperature relationWeak-lensing shear

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 15/84, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Astronomy & Astrophysics.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-03:

  • WoS: 3
  • Scopus: 2
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-03:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 4.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 2 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Additionally, the work has been submitted to a journal classified as Diamond in relation to this type of editorial policy.
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Australia; Austria; Brazil; France; Germany; India; Italy; United Kingdom; United States of America.

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Awards linked to the item

We acknowledge financial support from the MPG Faculty Fellowship program and the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat (LMU-Munich). The South Pole Telescope program is supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) through the Grant No. OPP-1852617. Partial support is also provided by the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago. PISCO observations were supported by US NSF grant AST-0126090. Work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universitaet Muenchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, NSF's NOIRLab, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF's NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
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