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This work was supported in part by the Next Generation of Active Antennas for Ground Segment (Telemetry, Tracking Control, and Data Handling) through European Space Agency (ESA) under Grant AO/1-11127/22/NL/AS and Grant 4000138412/22/NL/AS; in part by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, and Digital Transformation and European Union (EU)-NextGenerationEU for the Project TSI-063000-2021-83; in part by Spanish Government, the Ministry of Economy, National Program of Research, Development and Innovation under the Project New Array Antenna Technologies and Digital Processing for the Future Integrated Terrestrial and Space-Based Millimeter Wave Radio Systems-Universidad Politecnica de Madrid - INegrated TERrestrial and SPACE(UPM-InTerSpaCE) under Grant PID2020-112545RB-C51/AEi/10.13039/501100011033; in part by Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under Project PID2020-113979RB-C21; in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under Project PID2020-113979RB-C21; and in part by Madrid City Council under the Laboratory 5G (LAB5G) Project PC220935C247B.

Analysis of institutional authors

Calatayud Maeso, JorgeAuthorMuriel-Barrado A.t.AuthorSanchez-Olivares P.AuthorFernandez-Gonzalez J.m.Author

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November 18, 2024
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A Millimeter-Wave Phased Array-Aided 5G Communication Prototype: Evaluation in an Indoor Scenario

Publicated to:IEEE Access. 12 155804-155820 - 2024-01-01 12(), DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3483573

Authors: Verdecia-Pena, Randy; Muriel-Barrado, Alfonso Tomas; Calatayud-Maeso, Jorge; Sanchez-Olivares, Pablo; Fernandez-Gonzalez, Jose Manuel; Alonso, Jose I

Affiliations

Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Elect & Commun Technol, Grp Radiofrequency Circuits Antennas & Syst RFCAS, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, ETSI Telecomunicac, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Informat Proc & Telecommun Ctr, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author

Abstract

In this paper, a millimeter-wave (mmWave) 5G communication prototype composed of a phased-array antenna and a transceiver is proposed. The prototype involves a custom-manufactured planar active phased array antenna featuring linear polarization, which incorporates a beamforming integrated circuit (BFIC) comprising an 8 x 8 -element planar array. The 27 GHz transceiver is a prototype fabricated with off-the-shelf components and designed to downconvert/upconvert signals from 3.5 GHz to 27 GHz. Additionally, a 3GPP-inspired gNodeB based on the FR2 5G signal, which introduces a phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) and implements a phase noise cancellation (PNC) algorithm in the user equipment (UE) node, was emulated. A measurement campaign in an indoor scenario, including validation using commercial equipment and a comparison with a passive antenna for the Q-PSK and 16-QAM modulation schemes has been carried out. We provide several key performance indicators (KPIs) including throughput, EVM, and BLER, to demonstrate the statistical performance of the proposed prototype. The obtained results support that the integration of a phased-array antenna is a promising technology for the future of wireless communications.

Keywords

5g mobile communicationAntenna arraysAntennasArray signal processingBeamformingCommunication systemsDesignField programmable gate arraysField trialField trialsMillimeter wave communicationMillimeter-waveModulPhased array antennaPhased arraysPhased-array antennaPrototypePrototypesSignal processingTechnology

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Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal IEEE Access due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering (Miscellaneous).

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-18:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 1 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.