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All authors have read and contributed to the drafting of the manuscript. BP devised the analysis, ran the simulations and drafted the majority of the manuscript. PW, MSu, and MSm provided scientific support throughout the analysis and writing. SG-G and DS internally reviewed the work and provided extensive feedback. JD, LG, LK, RK, CL, JL, MT, and MV provided comments on the analysis and interpretation. The remaining authors have made contributions to this paper that include, but are not limited to, the construction of DECam and other aspects of collecting the data; data processing and calibration; developing broadly used methods, codes, and simulations; running the pipelines and validation tests; and promoting the science analysis.

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Modelling the impact of host galaxy dust on type Ia supernova distance measurements

Publicated to:MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY. 534 (3): 2263-2276 - 2024-10-10 534(3), DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stae2164

Authors: Popovic, B; Wiseman, P; Sullivan, M; Smith, M; Gonzalez-Gaitan, S; Scolnic, D; Duarte, J; Armstrong, P; Asorey, J; Brout, D; Carollo, D; Galbany, L; Glazebrook, K; Kelsey, L; Kessler, R; Lidman, C; Lee, J; Lewis, G F; Moeller, A; Nichol, R C; Sanchez, B O; Toy, M; Tucker, B E; Vincenzi, M; Abbott, T M C; Aguena, M; Andrade-Oliveira, F; Brooks, D; Burke, D L; Carnero Rosell, A; Carretero, J; Pereira, M E S; Davis, T M; Desai, S; Everett, S; Ferrero, I; Flaugher, B; Garcia-Bellido, J; Gruendl, R A; Hollowood, D L; Honscheid, K; Kuehn, K; Marshall, J L; Mena-Fernandez, J; Miquel, R; Myles, J; Ogando, R L C; Palmese, A; Pieres, A; Sanchez, E; Sanchez Cid, D; Schubnell, M; Sevilla-Noarbe, I; Suchyta, E; Tarle, G; Weaverdyck, N

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Abstract

Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are a critical tool in measuring the accelerating expansion of the universe. Recent efforts to improve these standard candles have focused on incorporating the effects of dust on distance measurements with SNe Ia. In this paper, we use the state-of-the-art Dark Energy Survey 5 year sample to evaluate two different families of dust models: empirical extinction models derived from SNe Ia data and physical attenuation models from the spectra of galaxies. In this work, we use realistic simulations of SNe Ia to forward-model different models of dust and compare summary statistics in order to test different assumptions and impacts on SNe Ia data. Among the SNe Ia-derived models, we find that a logistic function of the total-to-selective extinction R(V )best recreates the correlations between supernova distance measurements and host galaxy properties, though an additional 0.02 mag of grey scatter is needed to fully explain the scatter in SNIa brightness in all cases. These empirically derived extinction distributions are highly incompatible with the physical attenuation models from galactic spectral measurements. From these results, we conclude that SNe Ia must either preferentially select extreme ends of galactic dust distributions, or that the characterization of dust along the SNe Ia line-of-sight is incompatible with that of galactic dust distributions.

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