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The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study has been funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the projects PI21/00190, PI21/00648, and PI21CIII/00015 and co-funded by the European Union. The funders had no role in study design; the collection, analysis or interpretation of the data; the writing of the report; or the decision to submit the paper for publication.

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Otones-Reyes, PedroAuthorPalmar-Santos, Ana MaríaAuthorPedraz-Marcos, AzucenaAuthor

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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the self-care and health condition of the older adults. CUIDAMOS+75. A mixed methods study protocol

Publicated to:Frontiers in Public Health. 12 1389641- - 2024-06-17 12(), DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1389641

Authors: Rico-Blazquez, Milagros; Esteban-Sepulveda, Silvia; Sanchez-Ruano, Raquel; Aritztegui-Echenique, Ana Maria; Artigues-Barbera, Eva Maria; Brito-Brito, Pedro Ruyman; Casado-Ramirez, Elvira; Cidoncha-Moreno, Maria Angeles; Fabregat-Julve, Maria Inmaculada; Feria-Raposo, Isabel; Hernandez-Pascual, Montserrat; Lozano-Hernandez, Cristina; Moreno-Casbas, Maria Teresa; Otones-Reyes, Pedro; Palmar-Santos, Ana Maria; Pedraz-Marcos, Azucena; Romero-Rodriguez, Esperanza Maria; Sole-Agusti, Maria Cristina; Taltavull-Aparicio, Joana Maria; Vidal-Thomas, Maria Clara; Gonzalez-Chorda, Victor Manuel

Affiliations

Balear Hlth Serv, Primary Care Res Unit Mallorca IB Salut, Palma De Mallorca, Spain - Author
Benito Menni CASM, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Biomed Res Networking Ctr Frailty & Hlth Ageing, CIBERFES, Frailty & Healthy Ageing CIBERFES, Inst Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain - Author
Biosanit Res & Innovat Fdn Primary Care FIIBAP, Madrid, Spain - Author
Canary Isl Hlth Serv, Primary Care Management Board Tenerife, Training & Res Care, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain - Author
Castellon Hlth Dept, Primary Care Nursing Dept, Castellon De La Plana, Spain - Author
FIDMAG Res Fdn, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Fundacio Inst Univ Recerca Atencio Primaria Salut, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Gen Head Off Osakidetza, Basque Hlth Serv, Subdirect Nursing, IIS Bioaraba, Vitoria, Spain - Author
Gerencia Atenc Primaria Navarra, Serv Navarro Salud Osasunbidea, Subdirecc Cuidados Atenc Domiciliaria Sociosanitar, Navarra, Spain - Author
Gregorio Maranon Hlth Res Inst, Madrid Hlth Serv, Madrid, Spain - Author
Hlth Res Inst Balear Isl IdISBa, Res Grp Primary Care & Promot Balearic Isl Communi, Palma De Mallorca, Spain - Author
ICS, Balaguer Primary Care Ctr, Gerencia Terr Lleida, Lleida, Spain - Author
Inst Invest Biomed Bellvitge IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Inst Salud Carlos III, Nursing & Healthcare Res Unit Investen Isciii, Madrid, Spain - Author
Madrid Hlth Serv, Res Unit, Primary Care Assistance Management, Madrid, Spain - Author
Madrid Hlth Serv, San Andres Healthcare Ctr, Primary Care Assistance Management, Madrid, Spain - Author
Mental Hlth CIBERSAM, Networked Biomed Res Ctr, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Minist Hlth Madrid Reg Govt, Gen Directorate Humanizat & Patient Care, Madrid, Spain - Author
Multidisciplinary Res Grp Therapeut & Intervent Pr, IDIAPJGol, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Murcia Oeste, Dept Nursing, Area 1, Murcia Hlth Serv SNS, Murcia, Spain - Author
Primary Care & Hlth Promot RICAPPS RICORS, Res Network Chron, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain - Author
Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana Hlth Res Inst, Madrid Hlth Serv, Madrid, Spain - Author
UB, Fac Med & Ciencies Salut, Dept Infermeria Fonamental & Medicoquirurg, Escola Infermeria, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Med, Nursing Dept, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Maimonides Biomed Res Inst Cordoba IMIBIC, Cordoba, Spain - Author
Univ Jaume 1, Nursing Dept, Castellon De La Plana, Spain - Author
Univ Jaume 1, Nursing Res Grp Code 241, Castellon De La Plana, Spain - Author
Univ La Laguna, Dept Nursing, Santa Cruz De Tenerife, Spain - Author
Univ Publ Navarra, Fac Ciencias Salud, Navarra, Spain - Author
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Abstract

Aims: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health condition of people >= 75 years of age and on their family caregivers in Spain. Design: Multicentric, mixed method concurrent study. Methods: This work, which will be conducted within the primary care setting in 11 administrative regions of Spain, will include three coordinated studies with different methodologies. The first is a population-based cohort study that will use real-life data to analyze the rates and evolution of health needs, care provision, and services utilization before, during, and after the pandemic. The second is a prospective cohort study with 18 months of follow-up that will evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease on mortality, frailty, functional and cognitive capacity, and quality of life of the participants. Finally, the third will be a qualitative study with a critical social approach to understand and interpret the social, political, and economic dimensions associated with the use of health services during the pandemic. We have followed the SPIRIT Checklist to address trial protocol and related documents. This research is being funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III since 2021 and was approved by its ethics committee (June 2022). Discussion: The study findings will reveal the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the older adults and their caregivers. This information will serve policymakers to adapt health policies to the needs of this population in situations of maximum stress, such as that produced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Trial Registration: Identifier: NCT05249868 [ClinicalTrials.gov].

Keywords

AgedAged, 80 and overBig dataCaregiversCovid-19FemaleHealth statusHumansMaleMix method desigMix method designNursingNursing diagnosisPandemicsPrimary health careProspective studiesQuality of lifeSars-cov-2Self careSpain

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Frontiers in Public Health due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health.

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-13:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 41.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 41 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 19.58.
  • The number of mentions on the social network Facebook: 1 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 17 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.